~Corvalen Ribose OPC DISCONTINUED

Corvalen OPC is all natural D-ribose for energy support combined with potent antioxidants including oligomeric proanthocyanidins (OPCs). OPCs are some of the most powerful antioxidants to help neutralize free radicals and support healthy aging. †

FUNCTIONS Corvalen contains pure D-ribose, a safe and clinically researched ingredient that supports the natural way our bodies produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the energy currency of the cell. † Ribose is the vital structural backbone of critical cellular compounds called purines and pyrimidines. Our bodies must have an adequate supply of purines and pyrimidines to form major cellular constituents such as our genetic material (DNA and RNA), numerous cofactors, certain vitamins, and, importantly, adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Ribose is the starting point for the synthesis of these fundamental cellular compounds, and the availability of ribose determines the rate at which they can be made by our cells and tissues. D-ribose is a structural component of DNA, RNA, ATP, GTP, flavins (FAD, riboflavin) and other important nucleotides found in all living cells. Ribose is formed naturally via the pentose phosphate pathway. This pathway is slow and rate-limited in cardiac and skeletal muscle due to an inherently low concentration (lack of expression) of the enzymes, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase. The product of this pathway is ribose-5-phosphate, which in turn is converted to 5-phosphoribosyl-1- pyrophosphate (PRPP), the primary driver in the synthesis and salvage of purine nucleotides. No other compound can be used by the body for this metabolic purpose. Purine nucleotides (ATP and its precursors) lost due to ischemia, hypoxia, or genetic predisposition is replaced via the purine nucleotide pathway. This pathway is rate limited by the availability of ribose in tissue. Administration of exogenous ribose bypasses the rate-limiting steps in the pentose phosphate pathway, resulting in a significant acceleration of PRPP. Renewed concentration of ATP is accompanied by an increased energy potential in the cell, also known as the “energy charge.” Cardiac and skeletal muscle functions (i.e. contraction, cell wall maintenance, relaxation, polarization of the cell membrane) each require a different, quantifiable energy charge to drive or provide allosteric regulation for each function. Restoration of cellular energy charge restores function consistent with the degree of energy charge restored. D-ribose is indicated for sports and fitness activities because it helps to reduce the loss of energy during stress and accelerate energy and tissue/muscle recovery† . Endurance athletes and strength training athletes will both benefit from the effects of supplemental D-ribose. Unless our hearts have an adequate supply of ribose, they simply cannot satisfy their astonishing energy demand. Our bodies make ribose naturally, but in times of stress the need is greater than our supply to satisfy the loss of energy from our cells. That is why supplementing with d-ribose can support proper heart function and helps maintain healthy stroke volume during and after high intensity exercise† . A study by Olman et al. in 2003 showed beneficial effects on diastolic function and quality of life in compromised patients after only 3 weeks of supplemental D-ribose. Although D-ribose is a five-carbon monosaccharide, it does not raise blood sugar, making it a good carbohydrate to use in food and beverage formulation. Corvalen D-ribose is non-GMO. D-ribose is rapidly and readily (~95%) absorbed with peak blood levels found within 30 – 45 minutes. Ribose not taken up by the cell is excreted unchanged in the urine. Corvalen® D-ribose is GRAS (generally recognized as safe), a determination that results only after considerable toxicology studies are performed and an expensive and time consuming FDA process is completed. Proanthocyanidins are a class of potent antioxidants found in pine bark extract, grape seed extract, and many other plants. OPC (oligomeric proanthocyanidins) has been shown to neutralize free radicals, support the strength and structure of blood vessels, and support the inflammatory response. OPC may also support the immune system by restoring cytokine balance.† Pomegranate fruit is considered a “super” fruit because it has been associated with numerous health supporting benefits due to its complex profile of antioxidants including tannins, anthocyanidins, and ellagic acid. The consumption of pomegranate juice has been reported to support heart health and circulatory function, as well as maintaining healthy blood vessel relaxation. † Maqui berries, grown in the pristine mountains of Chile are considered another “super” fruit. They have about two times the antioxidant capacity of acai berry due to the abundance of polyphenol and anthocyanin content. Corvalen OPC has an antioxidant ORAC value of approximately 4, 100 umole TE per serving, which is equivalent to 6-7 servings of fruits and vegetables.

INDICATIONS Corvalen OPC is an all-natural D-ribose supplement with organic pomegranate and OPC antioxidants to help restore energy, support cardiac function, fatigue, and healthy aging. †