Kavinace Zem

4-amino-3-phenylbutyric acid:

• GABA derivative that crosses the blood-brain barrier and acts as a GABA-B agonist1, 2 
• GABA is important for calm3 and sleep4

Zembrin ® (Sceletium tortuosum extract):

• Herbal extract that is a dual inhibitor of phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE-4) and serotonin transporters5
• A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study found Zembrin significantly improved onset of sleep and multiple cognitive functions6 
• Subjects taking Zembrin reported "higher spirits" and "better coping with stress and low mood"7
• Effects of Zembrin have been shown to impact brain activity after one dose8

Blueberry fruit extract (standardized to 12% anthocyanins):

• Anthocyanins are flavonoids with strong antioxidant properties that have been shown to increase levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)9, 10 
• BDNF plays a critical role in modulating neuron function11

References:

1. Lapin I. CNS Drug Rev. 2001;7(4):471-81. 
2. Dambrova M, et al. Eur J Pharmacol. 2008;583(1):128-34 
3. Mohler H. Neuropharmacology. 2012;62(1):42-53. 
4. Saper C, et al. Nature. 2005;437(7063):1257-63. 
5. Harvey A, et al. J Ethnopharmacol. 2011;137(3):1124-9. 
6. Chiu S, et al. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014;2014:682014 
7. Nell H, et al. J Altern Complement Med. 2013;19(11):989-904. 
 
8. Terburg D, et al. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2013;38(13):2708-16. 
9. Yousuf B, et al. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2016;56(13):2223-30. 
10. Rendeiro C, et al. PLoS One. 2013; 8(5):e63535. 
11. Hempstead B. Trans Am Clin Climatol Assoc. 2015;126:9-19.